Natural Disasters Data Book - 2002 (An Analytical Overview) March 2003

Foreword It is quite evident that the prevalence and magnitude of natural disasters have had serious consequences on human society and the global economy. The detrimental consequences of disasters on socio-cultural factors such as the economy, environment, and even national political agendas cannot be neglected. Also the frequency and the severity of natural disasters have notably increased worldwide. The exponentially increasing economic losses associated with natural hazards in the developing countries considerably obstruct the phase of development. This situation is further aggravated by the weak regional risk-transfer system. Hence the devastation caused by natural disasters has adverse effects on the ability of developing countries associated with economic uncertainties to compete in the global economy. When we look at the statistics for the last hundred years, it is clear that Asia is the most highly disaster afflicted region in the world, with about 90% of the totally affected people, and over 50% of the total deaths and total economic losses respectively. Hence, it is imperative to analyze past disasters, looking at annual trends from the perspective of development mechanisms. With the aim of accelerating and strengthening global and regional socio-economic frameworks for addressing the consequences of natural disasters and designing effective disaster reduction mechanisms, we have edited this publication to analyze trends in the occurrence of natural disasters in the year 2002. We hope this publication will be of use not only to policy planners, researchers and academics but also to grass root level participants in development initiatives. We sincerely hope that this data book furthers our efforts to transform the total disaster risk management approach into an instrument for global sustainable development.

March 2003 Satoru Nishikawa Executive Director Asian Disaster Reduction Center

CONTENTS

Foreword

Map (The Regions of the World)

< Chapter 1 >
Impact of Natural Disasters

1-1 Trend of Natural Disaster Damage and Characteristics

1-2 Vulnerability of Asia

< Chapter 2 >
Natural disasters and Sustainable Development

2-1 Human Development and Natural Disasters

2-2 Gender Issues and Natural Disaster Impacts

2-3   Economies of Natural Disaster Impacts

< Chapter 3 >
Regional Characteristics of Natural Disasters

3-1 Proportion of Natural Disasters in the World According to Region

3-2   Regional Characteristics of Natural Disasters in the World

3-2-1 Characteristics of Disasters in Africa
3-2-2 Characteristics of Disasters in Americas
3-2-3 Characteristics of Disasters in Asia
3-2-4 Characteristics of Disasters in Europe
3-2-5 Characteristics of Disasters in Oceania

< Chapter 4 >
Overview of Natural Disasters in Member Countries

4-1 Types of Disasters and their Effects in Member Countries

4-2 Member Countries and their Disaster Characteristics

4-3  Conclusion